Kerala Cyber Warriors
KCW Uploader V1.1

Path : /usr/share/doc/python2.7-dev/html/library/
File Upload :
Current File : //usr/share/doc/python2.7-dev/html/library/gl.html

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
  "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
  <head>
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge" />
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <title>39.8. gl — Graphics Library interface &#8212; Python 2.7.18 documentation</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/classic.css" type="text/css" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
    
    <script type="text/javascript" id="documentation_options" data-url_root="../" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/language_data.js"></script>
    
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script>
    
    <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml"
          title="Search within Python 2.7.18 documentation"
          href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/>
    <link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" />
    <link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" />
    <link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" />
    <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" />
    <link rel="next" title="39.11. imgfile — Support for SGI imglib files" href="imgfile.html" />
    <link rel="prev" title="39.7. fm — Font Manager interface" href="fm.html" />
    <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" />
    <link rel="canonical" href="file:///usr/share/doc/python2.7/html/library/gl.html" />
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script>
    
 
    

  </head><body>
<div id="outdated-warning" style="padding: .5em; text-align: center; background-color: #FFBABA; color: #6A0E0E;">
    This document is for an old version of Python that is <a href="https://devguide.python.org/devcycle/#end-of-life-branches">no longer supported</a>.
    You should install the python3 and python3-doc packages and read the 
    <a href="file:///usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/gl.html"> Python documentation for the Python3 version packaged in this release</a>.
</div>
  
    <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">
      <h3>Navigation</h3>
      <ul>
        <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
          <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index"
             accesskey="I">index</a></li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"
             >modules</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="imgfile.html" title="39.11. imgfile — Support for SGI imglib files"
             accesskey="N">next</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="fm.html" title="39.7. fm — Font Manager interface"
             accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li>
        <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt=""
                 style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
        <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> &#187;</li>
        <li>
          <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.18 documentation</a> &#187;
        </li>

          <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> &#187;</li>
          <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="sgi.html" accesskey="U">39. SGI IRIX Specific Services</a> &#187;</li> 
      </ul>
    </div>    

    <div class="document">
      <div class="documentwrapper">
        <div class="bodywrapper">
          <div class="body" role="main">
            
  <div class="section" id="module-gl">
<span id="gl-graphics-library-interface"></span><h1>39.8. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-gl" title="gl: Functions from the Silicon Graphics Graphics Library. (deprecated) (IRIX)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gl</span></code></a> — <em>Graphics Library</em> interface<a class="headerlink" href="#module-gl" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="deprecated">
<p><span class="versionmodified">Deprecated since version 2.6: </span>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-gl" title="gl: Functions from the Silicon Graphics Graphics Library. (deprecated) (IRIX)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gl</span></code></a> module has been removed in Python 3.</p>
</div>
<p>This module provides access to the Silicon Graphics <em>Graphics Library</em>. It is
available only on Silicon Graphics machines.</p>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="first admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p class="last">Some illegal calls to the GL library cause the Python interpreter to dump
core.  In particular, the use of most GL calls is unsafe before the first
window is opened.</p>
</div>
<p>The module is too large to document here in its entirety, but the following
should help you to get started. The parameter conventions for the C functions
are translated to Python as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li><p class="first">All (short, long, unsigned) int values are represented by Python integers.</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">All float and double values are represented by Python floating point numbers.
In most cases, Python integers are also allowed.</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">All arrays are represented by one-dimensional Python lists. In most cases,
tuples are also allowed.</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">All string and character arguments are represented by Python strings, for
instance, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">winopen('Hi</span> <span class="pre">There!')</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rotate(900,</span> <span class="pre">'z')</span></code>.</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">All (short, long, unsigned) integer arguments or return values that are only
used to specify the length of an array argument are omitted. For example, the C
call</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">lmdef</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deftype</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">props</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>is translated to Python as</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">lmdef</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">deftype</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">props</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">Output arguments are omitted from the argument list; they are transmitted as
function return values instead. If more than one value must be returned, the
return value is a tuple. If the C function has both a regular return value (that
is not omitted because of the previous rule) and an output argument, the return
value comes first in the tuple. Examples: the C call</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">getmcolor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">red</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">green</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">blue</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>is translated to Python as</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">red</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">green</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">blue</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">getmcolor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The following functions are non-standard or have special argument conventions:</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="gl.varray">
<code class="descclassname">gl.</code><code class="descname">varray</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>argument</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#gl.varray" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Equivalent to but faster than a number of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">v3d()</span></code> calls. The <em>argument</em> is a
list (or tuple) of points. Each point must be a tuple of coordinates <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(x,</span> <span class="pre">y,</span>
<span class="pre">z)</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(x,</span> <span class="pre">y)</span></code>. The points may be 2- or 3-dimensional but must all have the
same dimension. Float and int values may be mixed however. The points are always
converted to 3D double precision points by assuming <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">z</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">0.0</span></code> if necessary (as
indicated in the man page), and for each point <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">v3d()</span></code> is called.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="gl.nvarray">
<code class="descclassname">gl.</code><code class="descname">nvarray</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#gl.nvarray" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Equivalent to but faster than a number of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">n3f</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">v3f</span></code> calls. The
argument is an array (list or tuple) of pairs of normals and points. Each pair
is a tuple of a point and a normal for that point. Each point or normal must be
a tuple of coordinates <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(x,</span> <span class="pre">y,</span> <span class="pre">z)</span></code>. Three coordinates must be given. Float and
int values may be mixed. For each pair, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">n3f()</span></code> is called for the normal, and
then <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">v3f()</span></code> is called for the point.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="gl.vnarray">
<code class="descclassname">gl.</code><code class="descname">vnarray</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#gl.vnarray" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Similar to  <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nvarray()</span></code> but the pairs have the point first and the normal
second.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="gl.nurbssurface">
<code class="descclassname">gl.</code><code class="descname">nurbssurface</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>s_k</em>, <em>t_k</em>, <em>ctl</em>, <em>s_ord</em>, <em>t_ord</em>, <em>type</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#gl.nurbssurface" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Defines a nurbs surface. The dimensions of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ctl[][]</span></code> are computed as follows:
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[len(s_k)</span> <span class="pre">-</span> <span class="pre">s_ord]</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[len(t_k)</span> <span class="pre">-</span> <span class="pre">t_ord]</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="gl.nurbscurve">
<code class="descclassname">gl.</code><code class="descname">nurbscurve</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>knots</em>, <em>ctlpoints</em>, <em>order</em>, <em>type</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#gl.nurbscurve" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Defines a nurbs curve. The length of ctlpoints is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">len(knots)</span> <span class="pre">-</span> <span class="pre">order</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="gl.pwlcurve">
<code class="descclassname">gl.</code><code class="descname">pwlcurve</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>points</em>, <em>type</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#gl.pwlcurve" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Defines a piecewise-linear curve. <em>points</em> is a list of points. <em>type</em> must be
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">N_ST</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="gl.pick">
<code class="descclassname">gl.</code><code class="descname">pick</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>n</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#gl.pick" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="gl.select">
<code class="descclassname">gl.</code><code class="descname">select</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>n</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#gl.select" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The only argument to these functions specifies the desired size of the pick or
select buffer.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="gl.endpick">
<code class="descclassname">gl.</code><code class="descname">endpick</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#gl.endpick" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="gl.endselect">
<code class="descclassname">gl.</code><code class="descname">endselect</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#gl.endselect" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>These functions have no arguments. They return a list of integers representing
the used part of the pick/select buffer. No method is provided to detect buffer
overrun.</p>
</dd></dl>

<p>Here is a tiny but complete example GL program in Python:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">gl</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nn">GL</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nn">time</span>

<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">():</span>
    <span class="n">gl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foreground</span><span class="p">()</span>
    <span class="n">gl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">prefposition</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">500</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">900</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">500</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">900</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="n">w</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">gl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">winopen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;CrissCross&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="n">gl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ortho2</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">400.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">400.0</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="n">gl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">color</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GL</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">WHITE</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="n">gl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">clear</span><span class="p">()</span>
    <span class="n">gl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">color</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GL</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RED</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="n">gl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bgnline</span><span class="p">()</span>
    <span class="n">gl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">v2f</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="n">gl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">v2f</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">400.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">400.0</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="n">gl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">endline</span><span class="p">()</span>
    <span class="n">gl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bgnline</span><span class="p">()</span>
    <span class="n">gl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">v2f</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">400.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="n">gl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">v2f</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">400.0</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="n">gl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">endline</span><span class="p">()</span>
    <span class="n">time</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sleep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="n">main</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
<dl class="last docutils">
<dt><a class="reference external" href="http://pyopengl.sourceforge.net/">PyOpenGL: The Python OpenGL Binding</a></dt>
<dd><p class="first last" id="index-0">An interface to OpenGL is also available; see information about the <strong>PyOpenGL</strong>
project online at <a class="reference external" href="http://pyopengl.sourceforge.net/">http://pyopengl.sourceforge.net/</a>.  This may be a better option
if support for SGI hardware from before about 1996 is not required.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="module-DEVICE">
<span id="device-constants-used-with-the-gl-module"></span><h1>39.9. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-DEVICE" title="DEVICE: Constants used with the gl module. (deprecated) (IRIX)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DEVICE</span></code></a> — Constants used with the <a class="reference internal" href="#module-gl" title="gl: Functions from the Silicon Graphics Graphics Library. (deprecated) (IRIX)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gl</span></code></a> module<a class="headerlink" href="#module-DEVICE" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="deprecated">
<p><span class="versionmodified">Deprecated since version 2.6: </span>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-DEVICE" title="DEVICE: Constants used with the gl module. (deprecated) (IRIX)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DEVICE</span></code></a> module has been removed in Python 3.</p>
</div>
<p>This modules defines the constants used by the Silicon Graphics <em>Graphics
Library</em> that C programmers find in the header file <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&lt;gl/device.h&gt;</span></code>. Read the
module source file for details.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="module-GL">
<span id="gl-constants-used-with-the-gl-module"></span><h1>39.10. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-GL" title="GL: Constants used with the gl module. (deprecated) (IRIX)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GL</span></code></a> — Constants used with the <a class="reference internal" href="#module-gl" title="gl: Functions from the Silicon Graphics Graphics Library. (deprecated) (IRIX)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gl</span></code></a> module<a class="headerlink" href="#module-GL" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="deprecated">
<p><span class="versionmodified">Deprecated since version 2.6: </span>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-GL" title="GL: Constants used with the gl module. (deprecated) (IRIX)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GL</span></code></a> module has been removed in Python 3.</p>
</div>
<p>This module contains constants used by the Silicon Graphics <em>Graphics Library</em>
from the C header file <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&lt;gl/gl.h&gt;</span></code>. Read the module source file for details.</p>
</div>


          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">
        <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
  <h3><a href="../contents.html">Table of Contents</a></h3>
  <ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">39.8. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gl</span></code> — <em>Graphics Library</em> interface</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#module-DEVICE">39.9. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DEVICE</span></code> — Constants used with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gl</span></code> module</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#module-GL">39.10. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GL</span></code> — Constants used with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gl</span></code> module</a></li>
</ul>

  <h4>Previous topic</h4>
  <p class="topless"><a href="fm.html"
                        title="previous chapter">39.7. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fm</span></code> — <em>Font Manager</em> interface</a></p>
  <h4>Next topic</h4>
  <p class="topless"><a href="imgfile.html"
                        title="next chapter">39.11. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">imgfile</span></code> — Support for SGI imglib files</a></p>
  <div role="note" aria-label="source link">
    <h3>This Page</h3>
    <ul class="this-page-menu">
      <li><a href="../_sources/library/gl.rst.txt"
            rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li>
    </ul>
   </div>
<div id="searchbox" style="display: none" role="search">
  <h3>Quick search</h3>
    <div class="searchformwrapper">
    <form class="search" action="../search.html" method="get">
      <input type="text" name="q" />
      <input type="submit" value="Go" />
      <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
      <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
    </form>
    </div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="clearer"></div>
    </div>  
    <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">
      <h3>Navigation</h3>
      <ul>
        <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
          <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index"
             >index</a></li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"
             >modules</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="imgfile.html" title="39.11. imgfile — Support for SGI imglib files"
             >next</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="fm.html" title="39.7. fm — Font Manager interface"
             >previous</a> |</li>
        <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt=""
                 style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
        <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> &#187;</li>
        <li>
          <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.18 documentation</a> &#187;
        </li>

          <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> &#187;</li>
          <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="sgi.html" >39. SGI IRIX Specific Services</a> &#187;</li> 
      </ul>
    </div>  
    <div class="footer">
    &copy; <a href="../copyright.html">Copyright</a> 1990-2024, Python Software Foundation.
    <br />
    The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation.
    <a href="https://www.python.org/psf/donations/">Please donate.</a>
    <br />
    Last updated on November 21, 2024.
    <a href="../bugs.html">Found a bug</a>?
    <br />
    Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.8.5.
    </div>

  </body>
</html>

-=[ KCW uplo4d3r c0ded by cJ_n4p573r ]=-
Ⓒ2017 ҠЄГѦLѦ СүѣЄГ ЩѦГГіѺГՏ